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(3.51) This tape shows the internal organs of the thorax and of the abdomen, and the male and female reproductive organs. In this first section we'll look at the organs of the thorax: first the heart, then the lungs. We'll also look briefly at the esophagus. The thorax itself, the upper part
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(1.32) Now that we've seen some dissected specimens, let's take a further all-around look at this intact heart, with all its epicardial fat intact. We'll take a second look at all four chambers, in the order in which blood passes through them. Here's the right atrium, with the superior vena
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(1.31) Now, let's review what we've seen of the heart. Here's the right atrium, the atrial appendage, the superior vena cava, and the inferior vena cava, Here's the inter-atrial septum, the fossa ovale, the opening for the coronary sinus, and the tricuspid valve. Here's the right ventricle
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(3.01) So far we've been looking at the heart by itself, with the major vessels that leave and enter it divided. To see where those vessels go, and also to see the pericardial sac around the heart, we'll look at a dissection in which the anterior chest wall has been removed, from the first rib
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(1.24) Now we'll move on to look at the two ventricles and their inlet valves. To see them clearly, we'll look at a heart in which the right and left atrium have been removed, leaving just the two ventricles. Here's the right ventricle, seen from the right side, here's the left ventricle, seen
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(2.40) Next we'll take a look at the coronary arteries, which provide the vitally important blood supply to the heart itself. The detailed branching pattern of these vessels is highly variable: what we'll see here is just one example. To see the coronary arteries, we'll look from above
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(4.48) Now we'll move on to look at the brain. The internal structure of the brain, which is extremely complex, lies outside the scope of this atlas. In this section we'll look at the main external features of the brain, and also at the cavities within it, the ventricles. This model shows the
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(2.26) To see inside the right ventricle, we'll remove this part of its wall. The tricuspid valve is here, we'll look at it in a minute. The pulmonary valve is up here. The anterior part of the right ventricle, the apex, extends out of sight down here, among these intersecting bands of muscle
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(3.31) In this cut-away dissection we can see the outflow tract of the left ventricle from the side. Here's the aortic valve. We've left intact part of the anterior cusp of the mitral valve, along with the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. The anterior cusp of the mitral valve forms
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between the heart and the lungs. We’ll see these more fully in Volume Five. We’ll start with the arteries, and we'll begin with the largest artery in the body, the aorta. Here’s the left pleural cavity with the lung removed, and the heart and mediastinum undisturbed. Here’s the aorta, partly hidden
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, here's the inferior vena cava, coming up through the diaphragm and almost immediately entering the right atrium. In addition to the two venae cavae, blood from the heart itself enters the right atrium under here, by way of the coronary sinus, which we'll see later. From the upper part of the right
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(2.08) Now, we'll move on, to take a look inside the left ventricle. We'll remove this part of its wall. The mitral valve is here, the aortic valve is out of sight up here. This is the apex of the ventricle. This part of the ventricular wall forms the interventricular septum. Here's the
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(3.57) Now we’ll move on, to take a look at the openings in the floor of the anterior and middle cranial fossa that we saw earlier. We’ll look at three openings that pass forwards, two openings that pass downwards, and one that, in spite of appearances, passes obliquely backwards. We’ll start
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as it passes through the diaphragm. To see the inferior vena cava, we’ll move the diaphragm downward, and move the heart to the left. Here’s the inferior vena cave. After coming up through the diaphragm it passes almost immediately into the lower part of the right atrium. It enters separately form
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behind, they're here. Seen from either side, the lung is here. A large part of each lung lies behind the heart. The lung extends from the ribs in front, to the ribs behind, and from the dome of the pleural cavity, down to the diaphragm. With each breath in, and each breath out there's an increase
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(3.27) Now we’ll move on to look at the principal veins of the thorax. We’ll look at the two largest veins in the body, the superior and inferior vena cava, which enter the thorax from above and below, and empty into the right atrium of the heart through two separate openings. We’ll also see
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(4.27) Now we'll move on to look at the third division of the trigeminal, the mandibular nerve. Here's the mandibular nerve leaving the trigeminal ganglion. The mandibular nerve passes downward through the foramen ovale. The foramen ovale emerges under here. The foramen is just behind the
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(4.53) The thorax is commonly known as the chest. In this section we’ll be looking mainly at the musculo-skeletal structures of the thorax, and at its principal blood vessels and nerves. We'll also look at the breast. We will see the lungs and the heart, but only briefly. They’ll be shown fully
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when we look at the muscles of respiration. With everything removed, the thoracic cavity looks like one continuous space. In reality it’s divided into two separate cavities by a partition, the mediastinum, which extends from the vertebral bodies behind, to the sternum in front. The heart, the great
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aorta in the thorax. To get a clear look at it, we’ll take the heart , and the arch of the aorta, out of the picture. The descending aorta runs downwards in close company with the esophagus. The esophagus lies medial to it up here, in front of it down here. We’ll remove the esophagus. On each side